{"id":2255,"date":"2019-02-18T16:56:16","date_gmt":"2019-02-18T21:56:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/?page_id=2255"},"modified":"2024-08-29T20:49:09","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T01:49:09","slug":"romaniote-jewish-names","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/turkish-names\/jewish-names\/romaniote-jewish-names\/","title":{"rendered":"Romaniote Jewish Names"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>[in progress]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Family Names<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Although not all Romaniote Jews had family names, the practice was well established by the 15th century. There were several types of family names:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Patronymics.<\/strong> These were originally the bearer&#8217;s father&#8217;s real name, but by the time the names entered the records in the 15th and 16th centuries, many of them were true family names.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ye\u2019udah ben Ya\u2018aqov <em>Gibor<\/em><\/li><li>Menahem ben Mikhael <em>Yefet<\/em><\/li><li>Ya\u2018aqov, son of Yitzhaq <em>Polikhrono<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Place of origin.<\/strong> These family names could change when people moved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eliya, son of Shelomoh <em>Istamati<\/em>, &#8220;from Samatia&#8221;<\/li><li>Mordekhai <em>Komitiano<\/em>, &#8220;from Komotini&#8221;<\/li><li>Tzadiq, son of Mordekhai <em>Greki<\/em>, &#8220;Greek&#8221;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Occupation<\/strong> (or the family&#8217;s former occupation), stated in Turkish:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eliyah ben Mosheh <em>Ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/em>, &#8220;teacher, scribe&#8221;<\/li><li>Eliyah <em>Rabit\u00e7\u0131<\/em>, &#8220;bookbinder&#8221;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Naming Patterns<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The sources make it difficult to determine which naming patterns Romaniote Jews used in everyday life. Official government scribes tried to squash every name into the Turkish [personal name] bin\/bint [father&#8217;s personal name] pattern, whether or not it fit. Gravestones expanded on people&#8217;s names, listing information like a woman&#8217;s husband&#8217;s name that was probably not part of the woman&#8217;s ordinary name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To make it more confusing, the sources I used rarely give names in the original language, adding a layer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certain patterns can be deduced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The simplest is the standard Turkish form, [personal name] son\/daughter of [father&#8217;s personal name]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Mordehay, son of S\u00fcleyman (Mordekhai son of Shelomoh)<\/li><li>Sabbetay (Shabetai), son of Avraham<\/li><li>Sha\u2018aban, son of Ishaq<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of these examples appear in Turkish records, which preferred this format.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Inscriptions on gravestones sometimes added more generations of ancestors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Afedra, daughter of Avraham Ibn Shemaryah Ibn Hayim<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The form that&#8217;s most common in the sources is a workaround that fits the family name into Turkish format: [personal name] son\/daughter of [father&#8217;s personal name] [family name]. Most of these examples appeared on gravestones, which were focused on recording as much of the deceased&#8217;s name and family as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pustira, daughter of Avraham Tzadiq<\/li><li>Ye\u2019udah ben Ya\u2018aqov Gibor<\/li><li>Arkhondopoula bat Yosef Hilel<\/li><li>Tzadiq, son of Mordekhai Greki<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Women&#8217;s gravestones often listed their husband&#8217;s name after their father&#8217;s name, but some inscriptions listed a husband and no father:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Khursi, honourable and chaste woman, widow of the illustrious venerable Shelomoh Benveneste<\/li><li>Parthi, widow of Shelomoh Istamati<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A shortened form of the [personal name] son\/daughter of [father&#8217;s personal name] [family name] pattern was simply [personal name] [family name]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eliyah Rabit\u00e7\u0131<\/li><li>Barukh Yefet<\/li><li>Mordekhai Komitiano<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In the sources, most of these shortened examples come from sources like scholarly discussions and business transactions. However, at least one gravestone uses the format: that belonging to &#8220;the honourable and esteemed David Istamati,&#8221; who died in the early 17th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[in progress] Family Names Although not all Romaniote Jews had family names, the practice was well established by the 15th century. There were several types of family names: Patronymics. These were originally the bearer&#8217;s father&#8217;s real name, but by the time the names entered the records in the 15th and\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/turkish-names\/jewish-names\/romaniote-jewish-names\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2954,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[109,85],"tags":[105],"class_list":["post-2255","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-jewish-names","category-ottoman-turkish-names","tag-freeborn-names"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2255"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2270,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2255\/revisions\/2270"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.issendai.com\/16thcenturyistanbul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}