These names could be borne by any
Muslim woman, and did not have any connotation of slavery.
Âbide
Âdile
Alemşah: Ruler of the world. From Arabic ʿālam, “world” + Persian shah
Amine
Asiye
Atike
Aynî
Ayşe: Aisha, Muhammad’s favorite wife. The names Ayşe and Fâtıma were in stiff competition to be the most common female names, with Ayşe having a very slight advantage.
Azize: Possibly Arabic Aziza, “dear.”
Bağdat: Persian, “given by God.” Also the Turkish name for Baghdad.
Bahar: Persian, “the season of spring”
Belkıs: The name of the Queen of Sheba in the Quran.
Bigidost: Possibly ??? + Turkish dost, “friend”
Canaziz: Possibly can, “soul, life” + Arabic aziz, “dear” = “dearheart”
Cemile: Arabic Jamila, “beautiful”
Cennet: Heaven.
Cihanbaht: The world’s fortune. From cihan “world” + baht “luck, fortune.”
Dünya: The world.
Durpaşa: Pearl of the pasha, or lady of pearls. From Persian durr “pearl” + Turkish(?) paşa “pasha.”
Ehli: Possibly “domestic” (as an adjective).
Elif: Alif, the first letter of the alphabet.
Emine: Amina, the name of Muhammad’s mother.
Esma: Literally “names,” implying the names of God.
Fahri: Possibly a nickname for Fahrünnisa.
Fahrünnisa: Pride of women.
Faize
Fatı: Nickname for Fâtıma.
Fâtıma: Fatima, Muhammad’s youngest and favorite daughter. The names Ayşe and Fâtıma were in stiff competition to be the most common female names, with Ayşe having a very slight advantage.
Fetehnâ: Literally “we opened/conquered,” from the Quranic verse rendered in Turkish as “İnnâ fetahnâ leke fethan mubînâ.” [link with translations]
Gaybi: Arabic ghaybi, “unseen”
Güllü: The one with a rose. From Persian gül “rose” + Turkish -lü “with.”
Gülpaşa: The lady of the roses, or the pasha’s rose.
Habibe: Arabic, “beloved.”
Hâkime
Halime: Arabic, “gentle, forbearing.”
Halise
Hanbey
Hânî
Hanife
Hânîşâh
Hanım: Lady. Literally the female form of “khan,” this word was used in a variety of high-ranking female titles.
Hanki
Hankurd: Possibly han “lord” + kurd, which may mean “wolf” or “Kurdish.” Best guess: I’m translating “kurd” wrong.
Hatice: Khadijah, Muhammad’s beloved first wife. One of the four most popular Muslim names in the 16th century, and for many centuries afterward. Khadijah literally means “premature,” presumably referring to the circumstances of Khadijah’s birth, but the literal meaning is irrelevant.
Hâtun Paşa: She who rules over the hâtuns (the ladies, the mistresses).
Hayrünnisa: Arabic Khairunnisa, “best among women.” An epithet of Khadijah, Muhammad’s first wife.
Hoca
Huban: Ottoman Turkish khuban, “beautiful woman or youth”
Hüma: The mythical bird of paradise.
Hûrî Kadın: Possibly “houri,” a maiden of paradise + kadın, “woman.”
İhsan: Ottoman Turkish, “being good/beautiful/kind,” “acting well,” “doing one’s duty toward God.”
İnci: Ottoman Turkish, “pearl.” Can also refer to the lily of the valley, Solomon’s seal, or snowberry, all plants with pearl-like white flowers or berries. Sometimes used as a pet name for a child.
İsmi: Literally “pertaining to a name,” implying the names of God. Sometimes treated as interchangeable with Esma.
İsmihan
Kadın Paşa: Ruler (pasha) of the women.
Kadıncık: Possibly “little woman,” a rare example of a diminutive name.
Kadınşâh: Ruler (shah) of the women.
Kamer: Arabic Qamar, “moon.” This popular name is the title of a sura as well as a reference to the moon’s beauty.
Kamerşâh: Lady of the moon.
Kerime: Possibly Arabic Karima, “sister.”
Kızlarbeyi: She who rules the girls. Literally kız “unmarried girl” + lar (plural marker) + bey “governor.”
Mâhi
Marziye
Medine: The holy city of Medina.
Merve
Meryem: Miriam, the name of Jesus’s mother in the Quran. A name used by both Muslims and Christians.
Mihri: Persian, “sun.”
Mudam
Muhsine: From Ottoman Turkish muhsin, “securely stored” or “chaste”; or, alternately, “beneficent.”
Mümine: Believer.
Müsli: Nickname for Müslime.
Müslime: Muslim woman.
Naime
Narin: Possibly “delicate.”
Nefise: Arabic Nafisa, “precious.”
Nesime
Nesli: Ottoman Turkish, “pertaining to issue and posterity.”
Neslihan: From the family of the khans.
Neslişah: From the family of the shah.
Nisa: “The Women,” the name of a sura.
Paşa
Râbia
Rahime: Ottoman Turkish rakhim, “soft, gentle, quiet,” or Arabic (?) rahim, “merciful, compassionate.”
Râziye
Rukiye: Ruqayyah, the name of one of Muhammad’s daughters.
Rüveyde: Arabic Ruaydah, “gentle, forbearing,” the feminine form of ruwaid, “soft breeze” or “lenient.”
Safiye: Safiyyah, one of Muhammad’s wives.
Şah Hûbân: Shah of the beautiful women; chief among beautiful women.
Şahbula: Lady of the shah.
Şâhî: Ottoman Turkish shahi, “pertaining to the sultan or shah; royal, imperial.”
Şâhidyedâr: Arabic shahid yedar, “seven martyrs.” A reference to a hadith in which Muhammad said, “There are seven martyrs,” then listed the seven ways a person could earn a martyr’s reward in heaven: Death by plague, intestinal ailment, drowning, a collapsed building, jihad, fire, or childbirth.
Şahnisâ: She who rules over the women.
Şahzâde, Şehzade: Son of the shah, a prince.
Sakine: Ottoman Turkish sakin, “quiet, calm.”
Sâliha
Şehri: Sun.
Selcuk: An old Turkish given name best known for being the name of the founder of the Seljuk dynasty.
Selime: The Turkish feminine of the Arabic selim, “to be safe.”
Şem‘i: “The All-Hearing,” one of the names of God. From Arabic as-Samiyʿ/as-Samīʿ.
Sem‘iyye: A more emphatically feminine form of “The All-Hearing,” one of the names of God. From Arabic as-Samiyʿ/as-Samīʿ.
Sitti: Arabic sitt- “lady.”
Sultan: Imperial. A name borne by women of all religions.
Sümeyye: Arabic Sumayya, “high above.” Sumayya bint Khayyat was one of the first seven people to convert to Islam, and was the first person martyred for her faith. [link]
Tenzile: Possibly from Ottoman Turkish tenzil, “a lowering,” metaphorically referring to God’s sending of the revelations of the Quran down from heaven.
Teslime: From teslim, “surrendered.”
Ticar: As a wild guess, I’d suggest Arabic tijar, “commerce.”
Tur Beşe: Persian dur, “pearl” + Turkish/Persian beşe, “prince, pasha.” Pearl of the prince, or lady/princess of pearls.
Ümmî: Possibly an Ottoman Turkish adjective derived from Arabic umm, “mother,” hence “maternal.” Also associated with illiteracy, and thus with Muhammad.
Ümmügulsum: Feminine of the Arabic name Kulthum, “one with a chubby face.” The name of one of Muhammad’s daughters.
Ümmühan, Ümmühani: Probably Arabic umm “mother” + khan = “mother of a khan.”
Zâhide: Pious, devout.
Zeyni: Possibly from Arabic zayn, “beauty.”
Zöhre: Persian Zohreh, “the planet Venus.” [link]
Zübeyde: Arabic zubaid, “cream,” meaning “the best.”